The Dispute Regarding African History From African and...

Currently in the XXI century, several researchers are still trying to study and discover more about the history of Africa, which is a huge continent with historical, cultural, linguistic, racial and geographical diversity. However the methods used to discover the history of a continent varies among European or African historians. Such researchers have different ways of seeing what really proves the history of the people, if the best way is by vivid history, archaeological, written or oral records. Due to the different point of view of European nation, that prefer to believe in concrete materials for study like written sources, arises the doubt whether Africa actually had real history is the past and not just after the colonization by them, when the population was ‘’educated’’ in European models and started to make written registration of their history. A further study about Africa can reveal all its cultural and historical richness. Their knowledge about land management, the discovery of agriculture in the Sahara desert 5000b.c, the development of livestock in regions of southern Africa as in Kenya(1). In addition the north of Africa is been considered the oldest region of the earth. Charles Darwin studies about the human evolution and archaeological sources shows that this region was probably the first one where Homo sapiens appeared(1). Detailed studies about African history can brings the knowledge about the development of the north Africa and how the islamism in regions

Customer Service Recovery Essay - 870 Words

Providing great customer service and having the ability to retain customers require consistency in delivering the anticipated services. Customer service encompasses having the ability to provide a service or product to customers by means in which it was promised. However, there are times when unforeseen circumstances may occur, resulting in customer service breakdowns. Understanding the effectiveness of customer service relations provides the assurance needed to handle complicated service related issues. A well qualified customer service representative has the acquired skill to effectively defuse a potentially damaging service related matter. Service recovery influences customer retention and improves customer satisfaction. Service†¦show more content†¦Customer loyalty increases the opportunity for organizations to build upon its customer base, and boost the return of its existing customers. Repeat business is evidence of satisfied customers. Satisfied customers are happy with the services and/or products they received, resulting in the likelihood of their return to purchase additional items. Upon each return visit, they anticipate the delivery of quality products and/or service. In addition, communication is also critical element of the service recovery process. Communication creates the foundation for a positive customer service experiences. It helps create realistic expectations for both the organization and the customer alike. Open lines of communication encourage customers to express their concerns, expectations, likes and/or dislikes about the services they receive. There are several methods for collecting communication data, the following are common collection methods; surveys, company websites, also the basic CSR and customer interactions. Creating a venue for customers to express their opinions is an ideal method for customers to evaluate your establishment, in its entirety. 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Unlike the legend that kissing the official Blarney Stone in Ireland will give a person good luck and eloquence, the Blarney Stone Restaurant in O’Neill, Nebraska is a service provider that needs a push in the right direction. (Blarney Castle Gardens, n.d.). The Story Behind the Poor Service The service provided when going to the establishment can be a hit and miss. According to Fisk, Grove, and John (2014, p.7), â€Å"A service is a deed, a

Financial Report Analysis free essay sample

Incitec Pivot Limited (IPL), is leading global chemical manufacturer supplying agricultural fertilisers and industrial chemicals to the Australian and overseas markets. The objective of this report was to analyse and understand how the accounting policies and strategies implemented by IPL impacted their financial performance. The analysis is based on IPL’s annual report which outlines the selected accounting policies, business strategy and performance. Firstly, the report summarises IPL’s activities and strategies during the financial years ending 30th September 2009 and 2010. Secondly, the report identifies the key accounting policies and assesses management’s flexibility in selecting them. Also, the report evaluates the quality of disclosure in IPL’s annual report, identifies potential questionable numbers and attempts to undo any possible distortions in the numbers. Finally, the report examines the financial press discussion of IPL’s performance and accounting numbers. The absence of any impairment [write-down] of intangible assets [13 per cent of Goodmans total asset base, and included in the covenant gearing calculation] was a surprise, Deutsche Bank said. Read more: http://www. smh. com. au/business/writedown-is-not-a-dirty-wordjust-look-at-goodman-group-20090227-8kb1. html#ixzz1YvZOrW5P 1. Summary of IPL’s activities and strategies Incitec Pivot Limited is a leading global chemicals company which has nitrogen-based manufacturing as its core activity. (Incitec Pivot Limited, 2009) The company is involved in the manufacture, trading and distribution of fertilisers, industrial explosives and chemicals. It was formed as a result of the merger between Incitec Fertilizers and Pivot in 2003 and 2006 and expanded by purchasing Southern Cross Fertilizers. IPL owns a portfolio of recognised and trusted brands and is the number one supplier for fertilizers and the number three supplier of explosives in Australia as well as being the prime supplier of explosive products and services in North America. (Incitec Pivot Limited, 2009) The company operates in Canada, USA, Mexico and Australia and has 4500 employees worldwide. The company has grown due to international demand for the four F`s: food, feed, fibre and fuel. IPL supplies 50% of Australia’s agricultural nutrient needs and also assisted Australian farmers to develop sustainable farming. The volatility of the market during the global financial crisis had an adverse impact on IPL. NPAT (excluding individually material items) decreased by 46% from $647. 5m in 2008 to $347. 8m in 2009. IPL’s Velocity efficiency program enabled it to make a significant return to the market in 2010 with a NPAT of $442. 8m (excluding individually material items), which was an increase of $95m. (IPL, Annual report, 2010). 2. Key accounting policies and Accounting Standards 2. 1 Revenue Recognition – AASB 118 Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Trade allowances, amounts collected on behalf of third parties and net of returns comprise the revenue. Revenue is recognised as sales revenue, interest income and dividend receivable. Sales revenue is recognised when the considerable risks and rewards of the ownership have been transferred to the buyer. Interest income is recognised on an accrual basis, while dividend receivable recognition occurs when it is declared or received. 2. 2 Foreign Currency Translation – AASB 121 Items presented in the financial statements of each of the Group`s entities are measured using the functional currency. IPL’s presentation currency is the Australian dollar, the currency used to present its consolidated financial statements. Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate on the day the transaction occurs. Foreign exchange gains and losses are recognised in the statement of comprehensive income, except when they are `deferred in equity as qualifying cash flow hedges`. These have been calculated following the AASB 121 `The effects of changes in Foreign exchange rates` and AASB 139 `Financial instruments – recognition and measurement`. 2. 3 Income Taxes – AASB 112 The current and deferred tax constitutes the income tax expense which is shown in the statement of comprehensive income. The current tax comprises tax that has to be paid on the taxable income for that period at tax rates as of the reporting date. It also includes adjustments of the past period’s tax payable relating to deferred tax assets and liabilities. The balance sheet method is used to calculate deferred tax. . 4 Consolidation – AASB 127 According to AASB 127, â€Å"consolidated financial statements shall include all subsidiaries of the parent† the financial statements of IPL adhere to this. Furthermore, all inter-company transactions, unrealised gains and losses (unless they occurred as a result of impairment of assets) and balances are eliminated. Investments in subsidiaries are recorded at cost. 2. 5 Impairment of Assets – AASB 136 The impairment test of goodwill is conducted annually or more frequently, if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it might be impaired. Assets subject to amortisation are tested for impairment when events demonstrate that the carrying amount cannot be recovered. Where the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount, an impairment loss would be recognised. 3. Management’s flexibility in selecting key accounting policies If management can be flexible in selecting accounting policies, they can significantly influence financial performance. As per the 2010 Annual Report, the managers of IPL had various levels of flexibility with the items below: 3. 1 Foreign currency transactions – Low Flexibility Foreign currency transactions are a crucial element in the development of IPL as a multinational company, because every movement in the exchange rate has an impact on its performance. As stated in the Annual report 2010, any gains or losses from the settlement of the transactions and the translation of the exchange rates of the assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are recognized in the income statement. The flexibility of management regarding this accounting policy is low, because the transactions are translated at a functional currency using the exchange rates valid at the date of the transaction. . 2 Derivative financial instruments – Low Flexibility Derivative instruments have been used by the Group in order to hedge its exposure to foreign exchange, commodity price and interest rate risks occurring as a result of the operational, investment and financing activities. While hedging motivates management’s flexibility to lock in company profits and pro tect them from the volatile exchange rates, it subtracts the profits made under the falling exchange rates. 3. 3 Interest Bearing Liabilities – Medium Flexibility The current interest bearing liabilities decreased significantly from $432. m in 2009 to $108. 5m in 2010. This was a consequence of the company’s issue of the US$800m 144A Bond in December 2009, which increased the diversity and tenor of their debt. During the year ended 30 September 2010 interest of $25. 2m was capitalised relating to interest bearing liabilities used specifically to fund qualifying assets as defined in AASB 123 Borrowing costs. 3. 4 Intangible Assets – Goodwill – High Flexibility As per the 2010 Annual Report, intangible assets represent the largest item of IPL’s total assets at 56%. They consist predominantly of Goodwill at 85%. Adjustments made to goodwill include additions, acquisition of business, impairment of assets and foreign exchange movement. IPL does not amortise goodwill but impairs it annually and as a result in 2010, the company recognised a non-cash impairment charge of $nil compared to $490. 6m in 2009. 4. Accounting strategy employed by management and incentives The accounting strategy management chooses will have a positive or negative impact on financial performance and business operations. The managers at IPL implemented accounting policies that enhanced financial performance in the long term. . 1Evaluation of accounting strategy employed by management Management implemented a strategy to reduce debt levels and improve the gearing ratio of Net Debt/EBITDA by issuing a 10 year bond worth $800m in December 2009. The proceeds from this bond issue were used to repay and cancel the Working Capital Facility with the remaining proceeds used to partially repay the Syndicated Facility. (IPL, Annual report, 2010). The gearing ratio was 1. 39 in 2010 and 1. 97 in 2009. As per the 2010 Statement of Financial Position, Net debt decreased by $366. 3m from $1,463. m in 2009 to $1,097. 1m in 2010. This was as a result of improved operating cash flows and the benefit of carrying the debt in US dollars rather than the Australian dollar which appreciated during 2010. 4. 2 Evaluation of incentives strategy employed by management IPL’s aim is to generate competitive returns for its shareholders through its strategy, and their philosophy is that the remuneration strategy should support the objectives of the business. The majority of the Executives remuneration is â€Å"at risk† and linked to performance and the creation of sustained shareholder value. For example, the Long Term Incentive Plan measured in 2010 Plan was established in 2007 and the Plan required IPL’s total shareholder returns (TSR), measured over the three year period to 30 September 2010, to be greater than 10% per annum compounded over the period. The Company’s TSR was 2. 64% per annum and, accordingly, no awards were made to Executives under the 2007/10 LTI Plan. (Annual Report , 2010) Refer Appendix 1 for table of % of Total Remuneration Annualised. This incentive is related to the strategy to improve financial performance. 5. The quality of the disclosure made in the accounts IPL Limited is listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) and is therefore subject to continuous disclosure obligations (corporate governance statement, remuneration report, shares, etc) under the ASX Listing rules and Corporations Act 2001. IPL’s Board has implemented the proper and timely disclosure of information to shareholders and the market. IPL uses its website (as well as) other sources to communicate via annual/half yearly reports, share price movements, sensitive and other relevant announcements to ASX. The financial report of IPL Limited highlights its business strategy. It is well structured and informative and in accordance with AASB 101 â€Å"Presentation of Financial Statements†, International Financial Reporting Standards and the Corporation Act 2001. The disclosure quality in the IPL annual report was adequate and informative and complied with ASX, the Corporation Act 2001, IFRSs, IASB and AASB. Table 1: Examples of IPL’s high and low quality disclosures Quality| Disclosure| High| â€Å"Restatement of prior year tax benefit† clearly describes the reason for the change and varied result in terms of Net Profit After Tax for 2009. Refer Appendix 2. High| Operating Segments AASB 8 replaces Segment Reporting AASB 114; this disclosure clearly outlines the change of IPL’s composition from 2 main businesses to four segments. Refer appendix 5. | Low| Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities Notes 19 and 24 are circular and less than transparent. As these numbers are not explained, it is very difficult to understand how the numbers were calculated. | 6. Potential questionable numbers 6. 1Deferred Tax Assets amp; Liabilities In 2010 financial report both deferred tax assets and liabilities decreased by 80% and 65% respectively. The quality of the disclosure is low and questionable. (see table above) Like other companies listed on ASX, IPL could have an exclusive arrangement with the ATO that they are unable to disclose. As a result, DTA and DTL balances would be questionable in almost all annual reports. Refer appendix 3. 6. 2 Cash and cash equivalents In the year from September 2009 to 2010, the amount of cash and cash equivalents decreased 157% which is significant. Currently, the company has $48. 7m which represents 39% of the cash and cash equivalents in 2009. For a company whose business strategy focuses on growth, financing the acquisition of Nitromak with cash is a questionable decision. An alternative strategy could have been to finance the acquisition with debt, preserving cash resources. 7. Undoing distortions in the numbers On thorough review of 2010 annual report, IPL did not have any obvious areas of distortion. However, the acquisition of Nitromak is a possible area of distortion with regard intangible assets. When reviewing the stated fair value of the 50% equity interest held before acquisition, the consideration amount paid of $97. 1m is $22. m higher than the fair value amount of $74. 8m. Refer appendix 5. Considering IPL held the original 50% interest at fair value it is interesting that the remaining 50% would attract such a premium, hence intangible assets could be overstated. As per note 18, goodwill allocated to Nitromak is $142. 9m, considering the total consideration was $171. 9m, it is very high at 83% and it may have been fair to recognise an impairment loss in 2010. We can support this assumption that asset values may be distorted in the reports due to the write down in 2009 in the carrying value of the Dyno Nobel goodwill of $490. m, the year after acquisition. Table 2: Possible distorted items and adjustments | +/- adjustment| Notes| Intangible Assets| -$22. 3m (overstated)| | Cash amp; Cash Equivalents| +$22. 3m (understated)| The amount IPL paid for the remaining 50% should have equalled the fair value being 74. 8m. | 8. Summary of financial press discussion of IPL’s performance and accounting numbers During the GFC, IPL reported a full-year loss of $179. 9m to September 30, 2009 compared with a profit of $604. 6m in the prior year. IPL wrote down $490. 6m in the non-cash mark to market carrying value of Dyno Nobel goodwill. In 2009, net profit excluding material items slumped 46% to $347. 8m, as sales from the fertiliser business fell 32% to $1. 59 billion due to the challenging conditions in Australia and seasonal conditions in North America. The company is quoted as stating it would also benefit from its Velocity program, with $US60m ($A65. 05m) of savings targeted for fiscal 2010. (SMH, 2009) In 2010, IPL bounced back into profit despite the surging Australian dollar. The company announced a $412m profit compared with a loss of $179. 9m that was restated upwards to $221m in 2009.

What Is Birth Order Essay Example For Students

What Is Birth Order Essay How Birth Order Affects Ones PersonalityEveryone in the world is born with a special and unique character. Some of their personality is shaped by their surroundings as they grow up as well as the factor of genetics. It is believed by some psychologists/researchers that birth order has a tendency to influence parts of the personality. Birth order isnt a simplistic 1-2-3 system that says all first borns are equally one way, all second children are another and last-born kids are always just like this or that. These are simply tendencies and general characteristics that often apply. There are dynamics with families that can change relationships. Through your position in the family you develop your behavior pattern, way of thinking and emotional response. Your birth order helps determine your expectations, your strategies for dealing with people and your weaknesses. Reasons for being interested in Birth order is because it is one way to gain an understanding of friends, family members, bo y friends, really anyone you wanted to try to scope out. Unfortunately there arent any fortune cards or magic spells to understand family and friends. Knowing and understanding birth order can not only help you understand other people but yourself included. The only- child develops characteristics from having to cope with playing alone and with having to fend off adult intrusion. Only children tend to feel frustrated and throw tantrums when not pleased. They love to say Leave me alone, Id rather do it myself! They tend to have imaginary companions and feel as if the child within was smothered because they had to grow up so quickly. Therefore in turn allow their own children time and space. As well as always being an emotional and considerate friend that loves to listen. First borns tend to be goal setters and high achievers. Along with being perfectionists who are very responsible, organized and determined people. They are rule keepers and follow all the details. The first born is a n only child until the second child comes to take away the mothers attention. The only child becomes a first born feeling there is no love for him or her. In school, first-borns tend to work harder for grades than do later-borns. They often grow to be more competitive and to have higher educational and career aspirations. Any enumeration of prominent people, eminent scholars, even presidents of the United States contains a higher percent of first borns. Of the first twenty-three astronauts sent into outer space, twenty-one were first-borns or only children. One psychologist, specifying in birth order, as well as a mother of a first-born child remarked, No wonder most of the astronauts are first borns. They will do anything to get away from those parents who hounded them mercilessly. This was after telling a story about how many mothers try to push their first child much harder than they should. In her case, she specifically remembers trying to convince her two year old son to get in to the crashing waves of the ocean. The middle-child or the second born tends to be very flexible and diplomatic. They are always generous and very sociable people. The second- born loses attention as the first born aggressively takes it away, leaving the second child to feel as if he or she cannot do anything well enough to merit attention. Therefore their parents hardly notice them compared to younger children. As a result, they suffer less from their parents neurosis and are relaxed, easy going and malleable peacemakers. They are good mediators and have superior cooperation skills. They dont have their parents all to themselves or get their own way. Therefore, they learn to negotiate and compromise. They often make excellent managers and leaders because of these skills. Sometimes it is found that the in- between kids actually have the most comfortable position in the birth order. They dont have to please their parents because the parents are too busy with the next kid. The younge st or the last born is always considered the king or queen. The second- child picks on the third in the process of trying to pass on the feeling of inadequacy. Rather than feel inadequate, the third born feels vulnerable. He or she learns to think that anyone can get to him or her. As a result this last child relies heavily on the parents. This child is treated like a king and king needs his court to serve him. The kid needs his food served, his clothes brought to him. .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce , .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce .postImageUrl , .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce , .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce:hover , .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce:visited , .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce:active { border:0!important; } .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce:active , .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub3a9590c060f00b000957218d83bc2ce:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Corporal Punishment Essay We will write a custom essay on What Is Birth Order specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The baby is not as achievement oriented as the others, especially the firstborn who is still seeking mommy and daddys approval. The baby never cares about mommy or daddys approval, just simply expects it no matter what. Although other studies have found that the youngest children in the family are typically outgoing and great at motivating other people. They are also affectionate, uncomplicated and sometimes a little absent-minded. These also have found that babies of the family gravitate toward vocations that are people oriented. Good sales people are often last borns. Some characteristics of the last born child are that they are creative and have a good sense of humor. They are outgoing and idea type of people, as well as risk takers. Just as a little piece of advice, there is a way to spare your child the trauma of being defined by their place in the birth order Have Twins!! ( Actually this is not true from personal experience my baby brothers are twins. The one who was born two h ours before the other matches the first- born , second-born scenario perfectly.)Many people wonder what will happen to a childs personality based on birth order when there is a divorce. Quite obviously, divorce is a very emotional thing for a child to go through especially when they are younger. The divorce will not effect the birth order but it will effect other aspects of the childs daily life and therefore its personality. Children tend to hit the extreme sides of the spectrums. They either became incredibly independent because they feel let down by their parents and can only trust themselves. Or the child becomes very dependent on the parents, quite often the parent that they happen to spend the most time with. This is due to the fact that they do not understand what is going on in the divorce situation and they become extremely scared. What happens when a new child is introduced into the home such as step-siblings and foster children? Depending on the age of the child already i n the household and the age of the one introduced into the new environment. The younger the child is the more likely the child is to accept the new sibling as their real sibling. Many times this is done unconsciously. The new sibling becomes integrated into the birth order and therefore effects all of the childrens personalities. Not everyones personalities match that of their birth order. Variables can affect each family situation. These variables include spacing, the sex of the child (there are actually 12 different types of personalities due to sex coinsiding with birth- order.), the sex of the child, physical differences, disabilities, the birth order position of parents, any blending of two or more families due to death or divorce and the relationship between parents. There are many different studies that have been made dealing with birth order. Each one differs slightly from the next. Some of the studies are completely opposing each other. I have tried to compile ones that are relatively similar. sources:www.rayid.com/main/sibling.htmJoman,(1993)Family Constellation: Its effects on Personality and Social Behavior. New York: Springer Pub.Co. Leman,(1998) The New Birth Order Book: Why you are the way you are,Grand Rapids, Mich. : F.H. RevellLederman, Sherri Phd.(2000)Birth Order, New York, New York:Whole Family Center, Inc. Gale Encyclopedia of Psychology, 2ed. Gale Group,2001.in association with th Gale Group and LooksmartWords/ Pages : 1,324 / 24

4 Major Types of Wind Essays - Wind, Vortices, Atmospheric Dynamics

4 Major Types of Wind Essays - Wind, Vortices, Atmospheric Dynamics 4 Major Types of Wind subject = Science title = 4 Major Types of Wind Wind, Its So Much More I did my report on wind. As you may or may not know wind moves horizontally, and the wind that doesnt move horizontally moves vertically. That kind of wind is called a current. Many things may cause these rushes of moving air, one thing would be atmospheric pressure differences. The differences in the distribution of pressure and temperature is caused by the unequal distribution of heat. There are also the differences in the thermal properties of land and the ocean surfaces. When the temperatures of different regions become unequal, the warmer air will normally rise and move over the cold air because the cold air is heavier. That will sometimes cause things like tornadoes. Another way that winds move are by the usually great rotation of the earth. Isnt that enough as it is? Really though..how fast are we rotating and flying through space? Winds are classified into four major types believe it or not. The four major groups are, the local winds, the seasonal winds, the cyclonic and anti cyclonic winds, and th e prevailing winds. Thats kind of impressive if you ask me! Most people think of wind as a slight breeze on a summers day when it could be so much more. There are actually many, many more kinds of wind. You must remember that those are just the four main kinds. Now back to our "summers breeze," the strongest wind ever reliably measured on the surface of the earth was 362 km per hour or 225 miles per hour, recorded on Mount Washington, New Hampshire, on April 12, 1934. Considerably stronger winds, however, occur near the centers of tornadoes. I also thought that that was pretty neat. I got that fact out the Encarta 95 encyclopedia, a very reliable source. Thats where I got a lot of the information in this report. Now we get the chance to talk about the local winds. These winds are determined by the seasonal changes in temperature and pressure over the land as well as water. During the day changes occur, which will exercise a similar but more of a local effect on places. These changes that will only occur during the day are diurnal. These diurnal occurrences happen mostly in the summer, because the land is warmer than the surrounding water during the day and is colder than the water by night. Isnt it strange? Owell. The variations of pressure therefore lead or move a called forth system of breezes directed toward the land during the daytime and back towards the sea at night. These land and sea breezes penetrate to a distance of about 50 km or about 30 miles on and off the shore. Similar daily changes in temperature occur over an irregular terrain and cause mountain and valley breezes. Other winds are brought forth by local phenomena including whirlwinds and winds associated or caused by thunde rstorms. The second kind that were going to talk about is the seasonal winds. The air over the land is warmer in summer and colder in winter than the air over or next to the ocean during the same seasons. During the summer time, the continents consequently becomes the target of low pressure, with winds blowing in from the colder oceans. In the winter, all of the continents are the targets of high pressure, with winds directed toward the warmer oceans. These seasonal winds are typified by the monsoons of the China Sea and the Indian Ocean. This parts about cyclonic and anticyclonic winds. Cyclonic and anticyclonic winds are like hurricanes, tornadoes, and cyclones. Within each of those things, hurricanes, tornadoes, and cyclones, the wind is spinning or winding in a specific direction. Most tornadoes spin counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern, but occasional tornadoes reverse this behavior. Its unknown why this happens but maybe one day someone will be able to explain why. The speeds of some tornadoes have often placed themselves at more than 480 km per hour or more than 300 miles per hour, although speeds of more than 800 km per hour or 500 miles per hour have been estimated for extremely

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Representation and Exploration of Gender Roles in Comrades, Almost a Love Story and Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon Films - Term Paper Example Compared to the early styles of Chinese filmmaking the issues of depiction, especially reflection of depicting gender roles in films have undergone a drastic change. Films like Comrades, Almost a Love Story, and Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon are brilliant examples that not only reflect the impact of modernist trends in the art of filmmaking but also provided considerable focus on gender roles, contending the traditional approach. The films, Comrades, Almost a Love Story, and Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, though have dealt with a different storyline, thematic approaches and cultural situation, however, the role of women as reflected in both these films, can be regarded as a brave shift from the traditional approaches. In each of the films, women have played interesting as well as equally commanding parts compared to their male counterparts in the context of developing storylines. The film, Comrades, Almost a Love Story while provides a sufficient reflection over development of Chin a in terms of modernism and neo-Marxian perspective and consequently provides a detailed impression of the contemporary socio-political and economic situation of the nation and how the characters, especially women are responding to such metamorphosis, on the other hand, Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon develops its thematic approach over socio-cultural situation of early 18th century China. While Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon can be regarded as a sincere attempt to reinterpret the 18th century social history of China according to the principles of modernist context, however, special emphasis on roles of women as emergence of â€Å"women warriors† can definitely be regarded as a bold initiative that emphasizes the theme of contending conventional refection of gender roles in films in terms of radical modernism.  

Educational Philosophy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Educational Philosophy - Research Paper Example In my opinion, this transformation requires a systematic and organized development of the individual’s cognitive abilities as reflected in the acquisition of knowledge and skills in a manner that is consistent with the needs of the individuals and the society. On this score, it might be argued that education provides the compass that determines the destiny of both man and society. According to some educational philosophers, the precise value of education could be seen in clearer light from the imagination of a life without it. A barbaric society that lacks any organized system of education will ultimately push itself on the precipice of extinction. I think this is because such a society will lack an organized system that supplies and controls the development of knowledge and skills necessary for its own survival. The knowledge and skills that are supplied, developed, and organized within the profession of education are resourceful in management of the economic, social, and pol itical systems of the society. In this sense, it might be emphasized that the entire welfare of the society hinges on the profession of education (Matthews, 2005). In my consideration, this point brings out the utilitarian aspect of education as understood within the framework of skills and knowledge development. It lies within the profession of education to harness, organize, and disseminate knowledge and skills that are necessary for the general survival and progress of the society. Education does not occur in a spontaneous manner. It grows in sequence and in a longitudinal order, which entails the aspect of progress. It is also important to consider the value of education in terms of the combined effects of its impacts on the various disciplines that form the block of knowledge. An important consideration of the value of the education profession lies in the training of teachers. Teachers are the backbones that determine the manner in which knowledge and skills are developed and d isseminated to the general society. My approach to my learners would be consistent with the philosophy that knowledge is a participatory process. In line with this philosophy, I would seek ways that would harmonize relationships between my learners and me. I would wish to be regarded more as a partner in the learning process rather than an authoritative instructor. The classroom should not be a space for the transfer of authority from the teacher to the student but rather a conducive atmosphere that allows for the free flow of information from various sources (Hille, 2011; Marca, 2010). I would adopt an easy and relaxed approach, which would encourage the students to participate freely in the learning process. My goal would be to develop confidence in my students. Only by gaining their confidence will it be easy to condition their minds into the freedom of thought that is necessary in the general process of knowledge development. Studies have established that the development of the cognitive abilities of the students is largely dependent on the kind of learning atmosphere. The studies have argued that the creation of an appropriate mental atmosphere lies with the teacher. In the course of learning, teachers should strive to create atmospheres that the kind of environment that fosters the flourishing of interpersonal communication. This kind of communication should take place between the learners and the teacher and amongst the students. Studies